Posts Tagged ‘Constructive Solutions’
THE energy transmission between the exterior and the interior is a predominant factor in building energy performance whatever the system of air-conditioning.
The first decision to be taken is the choice of constructive solutions the external envelope most appropriate to the local climate.
Possible solutions to the Exterior Walls are:
Thermal Insulation simple masonry:
- with coating acceded (ETICS)
- with ventilated façade – independent continuous or discontinuous coating with fixing point media
Thermal Insulation Double-walled:
- insulating filling completely the air box
- insulator by partially filling the air box
Energy Efficiency - Thermal Transmission
The figures are equivalent to an isolation with 6 '' thickness for all solutions drawn from LNEC tables *.
* Thermal transmission coefficients of elements of the building envelope, Santos, Pina and Matthias Ludwig, National Civil Engineering Laboratory, 2006
- The simple walls thermal insulation from the outside prevents thermal bridges, allows you to take advantage of the thermal inertia of the walls much needed in the summer to maintain a cool temperature inside and is a less expensive solution
- The double-walled thermal insulation takes advantage of only part of the thermal inertia of the walls, require the correction of thermal bridges in need of greater isolation area, increases the thickness of the walls and the weight in the structure and in the foundations, and for these reasons a solution more costly
- It is recommended the maintenance of a ventilated air space walls doubles frankly, through small vent holes and drainage
- All these constructive solutions, with isolation 6 cm thick, meet the RCCTE reference coefficients for all climatic zones, with the exception of single wall with the Cork insulation to the I3
- The Masonry of Adobe, that is not referenced in solutions of LNEC, is a simple wall solution with isolation by outside has the best performance of all solutions, In addition to benefiting from a large thermal inertia and is a solution 25% less expensive than the other
- THE XPS (Extruded Expanded Polystyrene) is the insulation with improved performance, However comes at a cost of more than 50% the ICB (Agglomerate of expanded Cork) and exposure to ultraviolet rays can lead to their degradation
- The most economical and environmentally friendly Cork, with 8 cm thick achieves better performance than those presented to the other insulation
- THE MW (Mineral wool) It is an ecological material, with a performance identical to EPS (Molded Expanded Polystyrene) and the PUR (Extruded Expanded Polystyrene), It is quite tough and durable, However exposure to moisture can decrease its performance
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Consumo de electricidade por uso final no sector residencial
Energy Efficiency - Consumo de Electricidade
Fonte: DGE, 2004
Da análise do gráfico anterior pode-se observar que os electrodomésticos representam o maior peso (43%) na factura energética dos consumidores residenciais portugueses, por isso devem ser uma das prioridades para a redução dos custos associados ao consumo de electricidade.
Em seguida, a climatização ambiente (17%) e a iluminação (12%) devem ser prioridades na concepção do desenho de constructive solutions, of sistemas de climatização, a par ou não com as soluções para o aquecimento de águas sanitárias, e da escolha dos dispositivos de iluminação.
Custos anuais associados ao consumo de electricidade
Energy Efficiency - Custos de Consumo
O Total do custo anual associado ao consumo de electricidade é de 552€ com a tarifa simples*.Estes valores foram estimados com base no consumo médio das Ecofamílias, of 418 kWh/mês**.
As Ecofamílias que têm contadores Bi-horários apresentam no relatório em média um gasto inferior de 10€/mês**.
* Valores anuais calculados com base no preço da tarifa simples de 0,11€/kWh, source: EDP, 2007
** Programa EcoFamílias – Relatório de progresso, Quercus, 2006